利玛窦 Traditional form: 利瑪竇 Pinyin (reading): Lì Mǎdòu Definitions: Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), Jesuit missionary and translator in Ming China Characters: 利 - gains, advantage, profit, merit 玛 - agate, cornelian 窦 - sinuses; corrupt; surname Traditional characters: 利 - gains, advantage, profit, merit 瑪 - agate, cornelian 竇 - sinuses; corrupt; surname